Progress in Adhesion and Adhesives, Volume 6

With the voluminous research being published, it is difficult, if not impossible, to stay abreast of current developments in a given area. The review articles in this book consolidate information to provide an alternative way to follow the latest research activity and developments in adhesion science and adhesives.

With the ever-increasing amount of research being published, it is a Herculean task to be fully conversant with the latest research developments in any field, and the arena of adhesion and adhesives is no exception. Thus, topical review articles provide an alternate and very efficient way to stay abreast of the state-of-the-art in many subjects representing the field of adhesion science and adhesives.

The 19 chapters in this Volume 6 follow the same order as the review articles originally published in RAA in the year 2020 and up to June 2021. The subjects of these 19 chapters fall in the following areas:
* Adhesives and adhesive joints
* Contact angle
* Reinforced polymer composites
* Bioadhesives
* Icephobic coatings
* Adhesives based on natural resources
* Polymer surface modification
* Superhydrophobic surfaces

The topics covered include: hot-melt adhesives; adhesively-bonded spar-wingskin joints; contact angle hysteresis; fiber/matrix adhesion in reinforced thermoplastic composites; bioadhesives in biomedical applications; mucoadhesive pellets for drug delivery applications; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; wood adhesives based on natural resources; adhesion in biocomposites; vacuum UV surface photo-oxidation of polymers and other materials; vitrimers and their relevance to adhesives; superhydrophobic surfaces by microtexturing; structural acrylic adhesives; mechanically durable water-repellent surfaces; mussel-inspired underwater adhesives; and cold atmospheric pressure plasma technology for modifying polymers.

Audience
This book will be valuable and useful to researchers and technologists in materials science, nanotechnology, physics, surface and colloid chemistry in multiple disciplines in academia, industry, various research institutes and other organizations.

Autorentext
Kashmiri Lal Mittal was employed by the IBM Corporation from 1972 through 1993. Currently, he is teaching and consulting worldwide in the broad areas of adhesion as well as surface cleaning. He has received numerous awards and honors including the title of doctor honoris causa from Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland. He is the editor of more than 140 books dealing with adhesion measurement, adhesion of polymeric coatings, polymer surfaces, adhesive joints, adhesion promoters, thin films, polyimides, surface modification surface cleaning, and surfactants. Dr. Mittal is also the Founding Editor of the journal Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives.

Inhalt
Preface xxi 1 Hot-Melt Adhesives: Fundamentals, Formulations, and Applications: A Critical Review 1 Swaroop Gharde, Gaurav Sharma and Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian 1.1 Introduction to Hot-Melt Adhesives (HMAs) 2 1.2 Formulation of Hot-Melt Adhesives 4 1.2.1 Theories or Mechanisms of Adhesion 4 1.2.1.1 Mechanical Interlocking Theory 4 1.2.1.2 Electrostatic Theory 5 1.2.1.3 Diffusion Theory 5 1.2.1.4 Physical Adsorption or Wetting Theory 5 1.2.1.5 Chemical Bonding 5 1.2.2 Intermolecular Forces between Adhesives and Adherend 5 1.2.3 Thermodynamic Model of Adhesion 6 1.2.4 Bonded Joints 7 1.2.5 Surface Preparation for HMA Application 8 1.2.5.1 Solvent Degreasing 9 1.2.5.2 Chemically-Active Surface 9 1.3 Fundamental Aspects of Adhesive Behavior of HMAs 10 1.3.1 Mechanical and Physical Behaviors 10 1.3.2 Blending Behavior and the Effects of Other Ingredients 11 1.3.3 Polymeric Behavior 12 1.4 Preparation of HMAs Using Various Polymers 12 1.4.1 HMAs by Grafting Acrylic and Crotonic Acids on Metallocene Ethylene-Octene Polymers 12 1.4.1.1 Solution Grafting 13 1.4.1.2 Melt Grafting 14 1.4.1.3 Preparation of HMAs 14 1.4.2 Cross-Linked Polyurethane Hot-Melt Adhesives (PUR-HMAs) 14 1.4.3 Soybean Protein Isolate and Polycaprolactone Based HMAs (SPIP-HMAs) 15 1.5 Mechanical Analysis of Hot-Melt Adhesives 16 1.5.1 Fracture Mechanics of HMAs 16 1.5.1.1 Fracture Energy Measurement 18 1.5.2 Stress-Strain, and Frequency-Temperature Sweep Tests for Viscoelasticity 18 1.6 Industrial Applications of Hot-Melt Adhesives 20 1.6.1 Medical Applications 20 1.6.2 Electronic Applications 21 1.6.3 Anticorrosion Applications 21 1.6.4 Food Packaging Applications 21 1.6.5 Textile Applications 22 1.7 Current Challenges and Future Scope of HMAs 22 1.8 Summary 23 Acknowledgment 24 References 24 2 Optimization of Adhesively Bonded Spar-Wingskin Joints of Laminated FRP Composites Subjected to Pull-Off Load: A Critical Review 29 S. Rakshe, S. V. Nimje and S. K. Panigrahi 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Finite Element Analysis of SWJ 31 2.2.1 Geometry and Configuration 31 2.2.2 Finite Element Modeling 32 2.2.3 Validation and Convergence Study 33 2.3 Taguchi Method of Optimization 34 2.3.1 Optimization of Material and Lamination Scheme 35 2.3.2 Geometrical Parameter 36 2.4 Results and Discussion 38 2.4.1 Material and Lamination Scheme 38 2.4.1.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 39 2.4.2 Geometrical Parameter 41 2.4.2.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 42 2.5 Conclusions 44 References 45 3 Contact Angle Hysteresis - Advantages and Disadvantages: A Critical Review 47 Andrew Terhemen Tyowua and Stephen Gbaoron Yiase 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Contact Angle and Hysteresis Measurement 49 3.2.1 Theoretical Treatment of Static Contact Angles 51 3.2.2 Modeling of Dynamic Contact Angles 53 3.2.3 Modelling Contact Angle Hysteresis 57 3.3 Advantages of Contact Angle Hysteresis 59 3.4 Disadvantages of Contact Angle Hysteresis 59 3.5 Summary 61 3.6 Acknowledgements 62 References 62 4 Test Methods for Fibre/Matrix Adhesion in Cellulose Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Materials: A Critical Review 69 J. Müssig and N. Graupner 4.1 Introduction 70 4.2 Terms and Definitions 70 4.2.1 Fibres 71 4.2.2 Fibre Bundle 71 4.2.3 Equivalent Diameter 72 4.2.4 Critical Length 72 4.2.5 Aspect Ratio and Critical Aspect Ratio 72 4.2.6 Single Element versus Collective 73 4.2.7 Interface and Interphase 75 4.2.8 Adhesion and Adherence 75 4.2.9 Practical & Theoretical Fibre/Matrix Adhesion 75 4.3 Test Methods for Fibre/Matrix Adhesion 76 4.3.1 Overview 76 4.3.2 Single Fibre/Single Fibre Bundle Tests 77 4.3.2.1 Pull-Out Test 77 4.3.2.2 Microbond Test 88 4.3.3 Test Procedures for Fibre/Matrix Adhesion 91 4.3.3.1 Pull-Out Test 92 4.3.3.2 Microbond Test 93 4.3.3.3 Evaluation of Characteristic Values from Pull-Out and Microbond Tests 94 4.3.3.4 Fragmentation Test 98 4.4 Comparison of IFSS Data 103 4.5 Influence of Fibre Treatment on the IFSS 107 4.6 Summary 118 Acknowledgements 119 References 119 5 Bioadhesives in Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review 131 Aishee Dey, Proma Bhattacharya and Sudarsan Neogi 5.1 Introduction 131 5.2 Theories of Bioadhesion 132 5.2.1 Factors Affecting Bioadhesion 134 5.3 Different Polymers Used as Bioadhesives 134 5.3.1 Collagen-Based Bioadhesives 135 5.3.2 Chitosan-Based Bioadhesives 137 5.3.3 Albumin-Based Bioadhesives 138 5.3.4 Dextran-Based Bioadhesives 139 5.3.5 Gelatin-Based Bioadhesives 140 5.3.6 Poly(ethylene glycol)-Based Bioadhesives 142 5.3.7 Poly(acrylic acid)-Based Bioadhesives 142 5.3.8 Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-Based Bioadhesives 145 5.4 Summary 147 References 148 6 Mucoadhesive Pellets for Drug Delivery Applications: A Critical Review 155 Inderbir Singh, Gayatri Devi, Bibhuti Ranjan Barik, Anju Sharma and Loveleen Kaur 6.1 Introduction 155 6.2 Mucoadhesive Polymers 157 6.3 Pellets 159 6.3.1 Preparation and Evaluation of Pellets 160 6.3.2 Mucoadhesive Pellets for Drug Delivery Applications 161 6.4 Summary and Prospects 166 Conflict of Interest 166 References 166 7 Bio-Inspired Icephobic Coatings fo…

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